![]() published a paper ‘Hippocampus-dependent learning influences hippocampal neurogenesis' and the abstract explains: ‘One particular area of research has examined the effects of hippocampus dependent learning on proliferation, survival, integration and activation of immature neurons in response to memory retrieval. entitled ‘Learning enhances adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal formation'. Contradictory data and lack of replication are the main problems of this line or subfield, as evidenced by two text passages from papers conveying the same message in the title. ![]() The other research line emerged separately and tries to elucidate the functional role of adult neurogenesis, chiefly in cognitive processes related to hippocampal function, often referred to as AHN. We believe that the field of mammalian adult neurogenesis needs more critical thinking, more sophisticated hypotheses, better statistical, technical and behavioral approaches, and a broader conceptual perspective incorporating comparative aspects rather than neglecting them. Interpretation is complicated by multiple theories about hippocampal function, often unrealistically extrapolating from humans to rodents. Prominent is an inferential statistical approach, usually with low statistical power. Likewise, the confusion about the functional role of variations in adult hippocampal neurogenesis has many causes. granule cell number) and evaluation of maturational markers whose persistence might be functionally more relevant than proliferation rates. Comparative studies face both species-specific variations in staining and technical abilities of laboratories, lacking quantification of important reference measures (e.g. Short-lasting episodes in proliferation or reduction of adult neurogenesis may reflect a multitude of factors, and have been studied chiefly in mice and rats. Adult neurogenesis declines substantially during early adulthood and persists at low levels into senescence. This late developmental process is downregulated differentially in various brain structures depending on species and age. Evolutionarily, mammalian adult neurogenesis appears as protracted juvenile neurogenesis originating from precursor cells in the secondary proliferation zones, from where newly formed cells migrate to target regions in the forebrain. Here, we try to recognize the sources of errors and conceptual confusion in comparative studies and neurobehavioral approaches with a focus on mice. The other aims at elucidating its functional role in the hippocampal formation, chiefly in cognitive processes however, thus far it has been unsuccessful. One focuses on a potential repair mechanism in the human brain. Mammalian adult neurogenesis has remained enigmatic.
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